Building Components

भवन के भाग

 

Building Components

 

Building Components भवन के भाग  प्रिय यूजर इस आर्टिकल मैं हमने मकान के डिफरेंट पार्ट्स के बारे में बताये है जैसे की foundation, plinth or sub-structures, super-structures, lintel, Column, beam etc. इन सभी पार्ट्स के function को समझाया हैं।

मकान को मुख्य तीन भागो में बाटा गया हैं।
  1. Foundation 

  2. Plinth or sub-structure 

  3. Super-structure 

What is DPC | DPC क्या होता है

Foundation ( ज़मीन के नीचे का भाग):-

मकान के सबसे निचे वाले भाग को Foundation कहते हैं। इसका काम मकान के Load को safely जमीन मै ट्रांसफर करना है.
ज्यादातर मकान का फेलियर फाउंडेशन के फेलियर के कारन ही होता है.
Foundation को जमीं के निचे कंस्ट्रक्ट करने के कारण नीचे बताये है.
  • Foundation के निचे मजबूत स्तर प्राप्त करने के लिए।
  • नींव  को वातावरण के Effect से बचाने के लिए।
  • Horizontal force के कारण building को गिरने से बचाने के लये।

Plinth or Sub-structure (ज़मीन के ऊपर फ्लोर वल तक का  भाग):-

Ground level से मकान के floor level तक के भाग को plinth कहते हैं।
Indian standard के हिसाब से Plinth की Minimum Height 30cm -45cm है।
प्लिंथ में निचे के भागो का समावेश होता है।
  • Damp Proof Coarse
  • फर्स
  • फ्लोर  का बेस
  • फर्स के निचे की soil
  • Foundation wall

Super-Structure ( प्लिंथ लेवल से ऊपर रूफ तक का भाग):- 

Components-of-Buildings

Concrete Curing कंक्रीट की तराई | Curing methods

Walls

दीवाल सुपर स्ट्रक्चर के लोड को फाउंडेशन में ट्रांसफर करने के लिए बनाये होते है।  और फ्रेम्ड स्ट्रक्चर में दीवाल का यूज़ रूम्स को पैक करने के लिए और कॉलम के बीच की जगह को फील  करने के लिए होता है।

Flooring 

मकान के दीवाल के बीच के भाग में समतल भाग को  तैयार किया जाता है जिसे फ्लोरिंग कहते है। फर्स का उपयोग अच्छे से आने जने के लिए, रहने के लिए होता है।

Doors 

एक रूम से दूसरे रूम में जाने के लिए दरवाजे का यूज़ होता है।  दरवाजे घर को security प्रोवाइड करते है।  और वेंटिलेशन के लिए भी इम्पोर्टेन्ट होते है दरवाजे।

Roof 

मकान में सबसे ऊपर के भाग में रक्छात्मक शेड बनाने में आता है जिसे छत कहते है। छत का काम मकान को गर्मी, ठंडी, बारिश, पवन, snow वगेरे से रछण करना है।

Sills

बारी और दीवाल के बीच में सिल बनाने में आता है। सील पत्थर अथवा तो RCC का बना होता है। सील दीवाल का protect करते है against wear and  tear.

Lintel

बारी और दरवाजे के ऊपर के भाग से आते हुए लोड को बारी और दरवाजे सहन नहीं कर सकते इसलिए बारी और दरवाजे  के ऊपर RCC का beam और लम्बा पत्थर रखा जाता है जिसे लिंटल कहते है।  लिंटल सुपर स्ट्रक्चर के लोड को दीवाल पैर safely ट्रांसफर कर देते है। जिससे बारी और दरवाजे को नुकसान नहीं होता है।

Weather Shed 

लिंटल में से बाहर की और प्रोजेक्टेड किये हुए भाग को Weather Shed कहते है। weather shed मकान को बारिश, कड़क धुप, वगेरे से रक्षण देते है।

Stair

मकान में एक फ्लोर से दूसरे फ्लोर पैर आने जाने के लिए Stair बनाये जाते है और उनका उसे करते है।

Parapet wall

मकान में सबसे ऊपर फ्लोर के चारो तरफ पैरापेट वाल बनाये जाते है। जो मनुष्य को निचे गिरने से बचते है

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