Viscosity Test of Bitumen
विस्कासिता या श्यानता परीक्षण
[I.S: 1206-Part I]
- उद्देश्य(Object):-
यह परीक्षण बिटूमन/टार प्रतिदर्श का गाढ़ापन ज्ञात करने के लिये किया जाता है। जांच फ्युरल विस्कोमीटर (Furol Viscometer) द्वारा की जाती है।
- सिद्धान्त(Theory):-
किसी तरल पदार्थ के मुक्त प्रवाह में, इसके गुणों के कारण उत्पन्न प्रतिरोध को, इसकी श्यानता (Viscosity) कहते हैं। जिस तरल पदार्थ की श्यानता जितनी अधिक होती है, उसकी प्रवाह-गति उतनी ही कम होती है (जैसे शहद की श्यानता जल से अधिक होती है)। कम गाढ़ा (अथवा न्यूनश्यानता वाला) बन्धक गिष्टी को केवल चुपड़ता है, इसके चारों तरफ उत्तम बन्धक परत प्रदान नही कर पाता है, जबकि तच्च श्यानता वाला बन्धक गिट्टी की रिक्तियों में भीतर तक नहीं घुस पाता है। अति उच्च श्यानता भी ठीक नहीं है । कुछ शोधकर्ता बन्धक की अन्तर्वेशन जांच के स्थान पर श्यानता जांच को वरीयता देते हैं।
विभिन्न ग्रेड के सड़क टार की श्यानता के मान निम्न तालिका में दिये गये हैं। [I.S: 2518-1819]
| SR. | ROAD TAAR VALUE ACCORDING TO [I.S: 215-1819] | ||
| 1 | सड़क टार का ग्रेड | तापमान(°C) में | श्यानता (Sec में ) |
| 2 | RT-1 | 35 | 30-55 |
| 3 | RT-2 | 40 | 30-55 |
| 4 | RT-3 | 45 | 35-60 |
| 5 | RT-4 | 55 | 35-70 |
- सामग्री(Material):-
- कोल-टार
- आसुत जल
- उपकरण(Apparatus):-
viscosity-test
- 10 mm छिद्र (orifice) वाला टार-विस्कोमीटर
- जल-बाथ सहित, अभिग्रहण अशांकित जार
- तापमापक
- हिलाऊ छड़ (Stirrer)
- विराम घड़ी (Stop watch) जो आधे सैकण्ड तक समय दिखा सके
- विधि(Method):-
- टार-प्रतिदर्श को विशिष्ट जांच-तापमान (तालिका P-9-1) से 20°C ऊपर तक गर्म करें और इसे ठण्डा होने दें। ठण्डा होते समय इसे हिलाऊ छड़ से लगातार हिलाते रहें।
- जब प्रतिदर्श का तापमान जांच तापमान से थोड़ा ऊपर आ जाये, इसे टार-कप में भर दें। टार-कप में जल-बाथ (Water Bath) विशिष्ट जांच-तापमान पर बनाये रखा जाता है।
- टार-पात्र के ठीक नीचे अभिप्रहण व मापक पात्र (Receiver) रखें । इस पत्र थोड़ा हल्का साबुन-घोल डालकर गीला कर लिया जाता है। को
- प्रतिदर्श के जांच-तापमान पर आते ही, टार-पात्र का छिद्र (orifice) खोल दें और विराम-घड़ी चालू कर दें।
- जब अभिप्रहण-पात्र (अशांकित जार) में 50 ml तक प्रतिदर्श भर जाये, छिद्र बन्द कर दें और विराम घड़ी पर समय (सैकण्ड में) पढ़ लें।
- यह अवधि सैकण्ड में टार-प्रतिदर्श की श्यानता दर्शाती हैं।
उपरोक्त जांच को तीन बार दोहरायें और औसत टपकन-काल ज्ञात कर लें।
- प्रेक्षण (Observation):-
| SR. | ओशिफिस से 50ml टार के टपकने की अवधि (सेकंड में ) | औसत श्यानता (सेकंड में ) |
| a | (a+b+c)/3 | |
| b | ||
| c |
- परिणाम(Result):-
- प्रतिदर्श की श्यानता (Viscosity) = ………….sec हे|
- सावधानियाँ(Precautions):-
- गर्म करते समय, प्रतिदर्श में कोई ढेला (Lump) नजर आये, हिलाकर तोड़ दें, अन्यथा परिणाम दूषित मिल सकते हैं। उसे हिलाऊ-छड़ से
- जांच के दौरान जल-बाथ व प्रतिदर्श का विशिष्ट तापमान बनाये रखें।
- टपकन-अवधि को शुद्धता से नोट करें।
- गर्म टार का हस्तन ध्यानपूर्वक करें।
- आरिफिस (छिद्र) को साफ रखें।
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