SOIL SPECIFIC GRAVITY | PYCNOMETER METHOD
पिकनोमीटर की सहायता से मृदा का आपेक्षिक गुरुत्व ज्ञात करना
I.S. CODE: [2720 part 3-(SEC-2)-1980]
- Purpose(उद्देश्य ) :-
SOIL SPECIFIC GRAVITY by PYCNOMETER METHOD,पिकनोमीटर की सहायता से मृदा का आपेक्षिक गुरुत्व ज्ञात करना |
- Apparatus (उपकरण) :-
पिकनोमीटर (pycnometer)
- pycnometer
- 0.01% सुग्राही (sensitive) तुला
- distil water ( आसुत जल )
- 4.75 mm IS चालनी
- Soil sample (मृदा नमूना ) :-
मृदा(soil) के नमूने को भट्टी (oven) मैं निशचित ताप पर रखकर सुखा लो और 4.75 mm चालनी से छान लो यदि मृदा कणों के विशिष्ट गुरुत्व (specific gravity) का मान HYDROMETER विशलेषण के लिए अवश्यकता हो तो 2.0 mm IS चालनी से छानना चाहिए 500 ML वाले (pycnometer) पिकनोमीटर के लिए कम से कम 100 gm मृदा का नमूना लेना चाहिए |
- Principle (सिद्धांत ) :-
निशचित आयतन के मृदा कणों का निशचित ताप पर वायु मैं भार तथा उसी ताप पर सामान्य आयतन के असुत(distill water) जल जल भार काअनुपात मृदा कणों का आपेक्षिक/विशिष्ट गुरुत्व कहलाता है |
| विशिष्ट\quad गुरुत्व\quad \quad (G)=[\frac { (W2-W1) }{ (W2-W1)-(W3-W4) } ] |
- Method (विधि):-
- पिकनोमीटर को साफ़ करके तोल लें
- अब पिकनोमीटर मैं मृदा (SOIL) की मात्रा को रखकर तोल लें
- पिकनोमीटर में थोडा आसुत जल डाल कर अच्छी प्रकार हिला लो ताकि मिट्टी से वायु निकल जाये। आवश्यकता पड़ने पर मृदा को थोड़ा गर्म भी किया जा सकता है या वायु चूषक पम्प (Air suction pumps) का भी उपयोग किया जा सकता है।
- पिकनोमीटर में मृदा-जल मिलाकर उसे ऊपर तक पूरा पानी से भर कर तौल लो। पिकनोमीटर से मृदा-जल का मिश्रण निकाल कर प्रधान को धोकर साफ कर पाछ कर आसुत जल से भरकर तौल लो।
- Observation (प्रेक्षण) :-
| S.R | पात्र संख्या | I | II | III |
| 1 | खाली पिकनोमीटर का भार = (W1 ) gm | 100 | ||
| 2 | पिकनोमीटर + गीली मृदा का भार = (W2 ) gm | 280 | ||
| 3 | पिकनोमीटर + शुष्क मृदा का भार = (W3) gm | 220 | ||
| 4 | मृदा ( SOIL) में जल की मात्रा = (W4)gm | 60 | ||
| 5 | मृदा कणों का विशिस्ट गुरुत्व G=2.7 | 2.7 | ||
| 6 | (w)=[(\frac { W2-W1 }{ W3-W4 } )(\frac { G-1 }{ G } )-1]\times 100 | 29.10% |
इसी प्रकार DEAR FRDS आप दूसरी और तीसरी READING निकालकर देखिये और COMMENT section मैं ANSWER बताएं |
- Results (परिमाण ):-
- प्रयोगशाला ताप पर मृदा कणों का विशिष्ट गुरुत्व GT =[\frac { (W2-W1) }{ (W2-W1)-(W3-W4) } ]
- ताप के लिए शुद्दिकरण गुणांक ( CORRECTION FACTOR) KT =\frac { (जल\quad का\quad प्रोगशाला\quad के\quad ताप\quad पर\quad आ०घ०) }{ (जल\quad का\quad 27°C\quad ताप\quad पर\quad आ०घ०) } ]
- मृदा कणों का 27°C पर विशिष्ट गुरुत्व ⌈G= G x KT⌋
मृदा का जलांश w=? % हे|
- Precautions (सावधानियाँ ):-
- शुष्क मृदा का भार , भार स्थिर होने पर ही लेना चाहिए
- सभी भार सबधानी से लेने चाहिए
- तीसरी व चोथी READING मैं पिकनोमीटरपूरा जल से भरा होना चाहिए |
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