field density of soil by sand replacement method
मृदा को बालू से बदलकर मृदा का घनत्व ज्ञात करना
I.S. [2720-(Part 28)-1974]
- उद्देश्य (Object):-
Field Density of Soil By Sand Replacement Method मृदा को बालू से बदलकर बालू का घनत्व ज्ञात करना
- सामग्री (Material):-
- soil sample
- बीकर
- उपकरण (Apparatus) :-
- बालू डालने बाला बेलन
- लोहे की ट्रे व हथोडा
- तुला सुग्रहिता 1 gm व क्षमता 15 kg
- जलांश के लिये पात्र
- फावड़ा
- चाकू
- विधि ( Method):-
- बालू डालने वाले बेलन में पुन: पहले प्रेक्षण के समय वाले भार तक ऊपर से लगभग 1 cm छोड़कर बालू भरो।
- उस स्थान को, जहाँ घनत्व ज्ञात करना हो, साफ करके समतल कर लो।
- उस स्थान पर धातु की ट्रे रखकर लम्बी खुरपी से छिद्र के बीच से मिट्टी खोदकर निकालो।
- इसके लिये लम्बी छेनी व हथौड़े का उपयोग किया जा सकता है।
- जब लगभग 15 cm गहराई तक गड्ढा खुद जाये तो ट्रे को मृदा सहित उठा लो तथा
- छिद्र पर बालू डालने वाला बेलन रखकर खटका खोल दो।
- जब बालू छिद्र में जाना बन्द हो जाये तो खटका बन्द कर बेलन को तौल लो। ट्रे में रखी मृदा अच्छी प्रकार तौल लो।
- मृदा का नमूना जलांश ज्ञात करने के लिए पात्र में लेकर नोट कर पात्र का ढक्कन बन्द कर दो।
भारतीय मानक I.S. [2720 Par 28-1970] के अनुसार यह उपकरण 100 mm व 200 mm व्यास के बेलनो में उपलब्ध है।
प्रेक्षण (Observation):-
उपकरण का अनुसंशोधन :-
CALCULATION गणनाएं :-
S.r | Particular | Soil Sample | ||
I | II | |||
1 | मृदा नमूने की परिक्षण के प्रारंभ मैं लम्बाई (L0)cm | |||
2 | मृदा नमूने का परिक्षण के प्रारंभ मैं व्यास (d0)cm | |||
मृदा नमूने का परिक्षण के प्रारंभ मैं क्षेत्रफल (A0)cm2 | ||||
3 | परिक्षण के बाद नमूने की लम्बाई (L1)cm | |||
4 | परिक्षण के बाद नमूने का व्यास (d1)cm | |||
5 | परिक्षण के बाद नमूने का क्षेत्रफल (A1)cm2 | |||
6 | भंग होते समय सम्पेदन बल (P) kg | |||
7 | विकृति = [(L0 – L1)/L0] | |||
8 | अपरिरुद्ध संपीडन सामर्थ्य qu = P/A kg/cm2 |
मृदा का शुष्क घनत्व Yd = Yt/(1+w) gm/cm3 |
- Result:-
मृदा का शुष्क घनत्व = ………. gm/cm3
- Precautions (सावधानियाँ ):-
- क्रोड-कर्तनी को डॉली लगाकर ही दुरमुट से आघात देकर भूमि में धँसाना चाहिये।
- इसको धँसाने से पूर्व स्थान को अच्छी प्रकार साफ कर लेना चाहिये। धास आदि हो तो उसे भी साफ कर देना चाहिये।
- क्रोड-कर्तनी को बाहर निकालते समय उसके चारों ओर की मृदा खोद कर निकाल देना चाहिये।
- क्रोड-कर्तनी निकालते समय उसमें से मृदा बाहर नहीं गिरनी चाहिये।
- मृदा का कुछ भाग दोनों ओर थोड़ा थोड़ा बाहर निकलता रहे।
- बजरी युक्त या पत्थर वाली या बलुआ मृदा में इसको काम में नहीं लाना चाहिये।
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