SAND REPLACEMENT METHOD

field density of soil by sand replacement method

मृदा को बालू से बदलकर मृदा का घनत्व ज्ञात करना 

I.S. [2720-(Part 28)-1974]

  • उद्देश्य (Object):-

Field Density of Soil By Sand Replacement Method मृदा को बालू से बदलकर बालू का घनत्व ज्ञात करना

  • सामग्री (Material):-

 

  1. soil sample 
  2. बीकर 
  • उपकरण  (Apparatus) :-       
    1. बालू डालने बाला बेलन
    2. लोहे की ट्रे व हथोडा
    3. तुला सुग्रहिता 1 gm  व  क्षमता 15 kg
    4. जलांश के लिये पात्र
    5. फावड़ा
    6. चाकू
  • विधि ( Method):-     
  1. बालू डालने वाले बेलन में पुन: पहले प्रेक्षण के समय वाले भार तक ऊपर से लगभग 1 cm छोड़कर बालू भरो।
  2. उस स्थान को, जहाँ घनत्व ज्ञात करना हो, साफ करके समतल कर लो।
  3. उस स्थान पर धातु की ट्रे रखकर लम्बी खुरपी से छिद्र के बीच से मिट्टी खोदकर निकालो।
  4. इसके लिये लम्बी छेनी व हथौड़े का उपयोग किया जा सकता है।
  5. जब लगभग 15 cm गहराई तक गड्ढा खुद जाये तो ट्रे को मृदा सहित उठा लो तथा
  6. छिद्र पर बालू डालने वाला बेलन रखकर खटका खोल दो।
  7. जब बालू छिद्र में जाना बन्द हो जाये तो खटका बन्द कर बेलन को तौल लो। ट्रे में रखी मृदा अच्छी प्रकार तौल लो।
  8. मृदा का नमूना जलांश ज्ञात करने के लिए पात्र में लेकर नोट कर पात्र का ढक्कन बन्द कर दो।
भारतीय मानक I.S. [2720 Par 28-1970] के अनुसार यह उपकरण 100 mm व 200 mm व्यास के बेलनो में  उपलब्ध   है।
  • प्रेक्षण (Observation):-

  1. उपकरण का अनुसंशोधन :-

 

CALCULATION गणनाएं  :-

S.rParticularSoil Sample
III
1मृदा  नमूने की परिक्षण के  प्रारंभ मैं लम्बाई (L0)cm
2मृदा  नमूने का  परिक्षण के  प्रारंभ मैं व्यास (d0)cm
मृदा  नमूने का  परिक्षण के  प्रारंभ मैं क्षेत्रफल  (A0)cm2
3परिक्षण के  बाद नमूने की लम्बाई  (L1)cm
4परिक्षण के  बाद नमूने का व्यास  (d1)cm
5परिक्षण के  बाद नमूने का क्षेत्रफल  (A1)cm2
6भंग होते समय सम्पेदन बल (P)  kg
7विकृति  = [(L0 – L1)/L0]
8अपरिरुद्ध संपीडन सामर्थ्य  qu = P/A kg/cm2

मृदा का शुष्क घनत्व  Yd = Yt/(1+w) gm/cm3  

  • Result:-

मृदा का शुष्क घनत्व  = ………. gm/cm3  

  • Precautions (सावधानियाँ ):-
  1. क्रोड-कर्तनी को डॉली लगाकर ही दुरमुट से आघात देकर भूमि में धँसाना चाहिये।
  2.  इसको  धँसाने से पूर्व स्थान को अच्छी प्रकार साफ कर लेना चाहिये। धास आदि हो तो उसे भी साफ कर देना चाहिये।
  3. क्रोड-कर्तनी को बाहर निकालते समय उसके चारों ओर की मृदा खोद कर निकाल देना चाहिये।
  4.  क्रोड-कर्तनी निकालते समय उसमें से मृदा बाहर नहीं गिरनी चाहिये।
  5. मृदा का कुछ भाग दोनों ओर थोड़ा थोड़ा बाहर निकलता रहे।
  6. बजरी युक्त या पत्थर वाली या बलुआ मृदा में इसको काम में नहीं लाना चाहिये।
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