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Bitumen Ductility Test बिटूमन की तन्यता ज्ञात करना

ByCivil Guru

Bitumin Ductility test

 Bitumen Ductility Test

बिटूमन की तन्यता ज्ञात करना

[I.S. -1208-1978]

  • उद्देश्य(Object):-

बिटूमन प्रतिदर्श की तन्यता (लचीलापन) ज्ञात करना और सड़क निर्माण में इसकी उपयुक्तता का पता लगाना। इस परीक्षण से बिटूमन के बन्धक गुण (Adhesive property) और यातायात के झटके सहने की क्षमता (Stretch Ability) ज्ञात की जाती है।

  • सिद्धान्त (Theory):-

तन्यता परीक्षण से बिटूमन की प्रत्यास्था (Elasticity) व संसंजनता (Cohesion ) का पता लगाया जाता है। यदि बिटूमन की तन्यता अच्छी नहीं है, यह यातायात-भार से चटकने (Crack ) लगता है, विशेष तौर पर शरद ऋतु में । इससे इसकी गिट्टी से पकड़ ढीली पड़ जाती है । इससे सड़क सतह ऊँची-नीची हो जाती है।तन्यता परीक्षण में बिटूमन का मानक क्रिकेट (Briquette) बनाकर, उसके दोनों सिरों से पकड़कर खीचा जाता है, जो धागे के रूप में खिंच जाता है और फिर टूट जाता । टूटने से ठीक पहले, इसकी दीर्घतम लम्बाई, इसकी तन्यता का मापन है । बिटूमन की तन्यता 50 mm से कम नहीं होनी चाहिये । BIS के अनुसार बिटूमन की तन्यता के मान निम्न तालिका में दिये गये है।

  • सामग्री(Material):-
  1. बिटूमन प्रतिदर्श
  2. जल
  1. पीतल का ब्रिकेट मोल्ड, लम्बाई 75 mm
  2. कण्ठ पर न्यूनतम परिच्छेद= 10 mm x 10 mm मोटाई = 10 mm,
  3. तन्यता उपकरण, जो 50mm प्रति मिनट की दर से खींच (Pull) लगा सके,
  4.  गैस- बर्नर,
  5.  चाकू।

  • विधि(Method):-

  1. बिटूमन प्रतिदर्श को सम्भावित मृदुकारी-बिन्दु से 75°C-100°C ऊपर तक गर्म करेंताकि यह तरल अवस्था में आ जाये।
  2. आवश्यक होने पर इसे IS चालनी 30 पर से छान लें।
  3. ब्रिकेट-मोल्ड को ब्रास-प्लेट पर रखकर, इसमें तरल बिटूमन अच्छी तरह भर दें। बिटूमन मोल्ड से चिपके नहीं, इसके लिये मोल्ड की भीतरी फलकों (Sides) ग्लिसरीन-डेक्सट्रीन को घोल पोत दें।
  4. बिटूमन-बिकेट को हवा में 30-40 मिनट तक पड़ा रहने दें और सुखने दें।
  5. अतिरिक्त बिटूमन को गर्म चाकू से काटकर निकाल दें ताकि ब्रिकेट की सतह शुद्ध व समतल बन जाये।
  6. अब बिक्रेट को सांचे समेत उठाकर 27°C के जल-बाथ (Water Bath) में 80-90 मिनट तक रखें।
  7. मोल्ड की साइडे हटा दें और ब्रिकेट को तन्यता-गशीन के जबड़ो में कस दें और सूचक को शून्य पर समायोजित कर दें।
  8. मशीन को चालू करके ब्रिकेट-प्रतिदर्श पर 50 mm प्रति मिनट की दर से क्षैतिज खींच (Horizontal Pull) डालें । ध्यान रहे खींच के समय प्रतिदर्श 10 mm तक गहरे जल-बाथ में डूबा रहे।
  9. लगातार खींच पर ब्रिकेट का मध्य भाग (कण्ठ) धागे की भान्ति खींचता है और अन्त में टूट जाता है।
  10. जिस चरण पर आकर बिटूमन-धागा टूट जाता है, उस लम्बाई को नाप लें। सेन्टीमीटर में यह दूरी बिटूमन की तन्यता कहलाती है।
  11. विभिन्न प्रतिदर्श लेकर, जांच तीन बार दोहरायें और औसत मान ज्ञात कर लें।
  • प्रेक्षण (Observation):-
s.rप्रतिदर्श की लम्बाई सेमी मेंऔसत मान
मूल लम्बाई (L1)टूटते समय लम्बाई (L2)तन्यता मान (L2-L1)
1
2
3
  • परिणाम(Result):-
  1. बिटूमन प्रतिदर्श की तन्यता  =…….Cm हे|
  • सावधानियाँ(Precautions):-
  1. गर्म बिटूमन का हस्तन ध्यानपूर्वक करें।
  2. गर्म बिटूमन का सावधानी से हस्तन करें।
  3.  जल-बाथ का तापमान 27°C पर बनाये रखें।
  4. प्रतिदर्श खींच के दौरान 10 mm गहरे पानी में डूबा रहे ।
  5. बिटूमन-धागे के टूटने पर, तुरन्त खींच (Pull) बन्द कर दें और प्रतिदर्श की लम्बाई ना।

 

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