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Slump Test For Concrete कंक्रीट का अवपात परिक्षण

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concrete-slump-test

Slump Test For Concrete

कंक्रीट का अवपात परिक्षण

[I.S: 1199-1959]

  • उद्देश्य(Object):-

(a) सामान्य अवपात परीक्षण।

(b) अवपात पर जल सीमेंट अनुपात में परिवर्तन का प्रभाव|

(e) अवपात पर सीमेंट  मिलावे के अनुपात में परिवर्तन का प्रभाव।

(a) अवपात पर महान पिलावे मोटे निलावे के अनुपात में परिवर्तन का प्रभाव|

  • सिद्धान्त(Theory):-

कंक्रीट का मिश्रण, बहन, विछाना , कुटाई  इत्यादि क्रिया आसानी से सम्पन्न की जा सके, इसके लिये कंक्रीट सुकार्य  (Worknbie) होनी चाहिये। परन्तु अधिक सुकार्य वाली कंक्रीट की सामर्थ्य घट जाती है। कंक्रीट को सुकार्यंता ज्ञात करने के लिये सामान्यतः आपात परीक्षण किया जाता है।कंक्रीट का अवपात मानक शंकु साँचा में कक्रोट भरकर, इसे हटा लेने पर कंक्राट पिण्ड की ऊंचाई में आयी कमी को नापकर ज्ञात किया जाता है। कंक्रीट का अवपात इसके (i) जल- सीमेंट अनुपात, (ii) महान व मोटे मिलावों के अनुपात, तथा (iii) सीमेन्ट व कुल मिलाये के अनुपात पर निर्भर करता है।

Slump Test slump-test

अवपात परीक्षण एक स्थलीय परीक्षण है जो कंक्रीट की सघनता ज्ञात करने के लिये किया जाता है। भिन्न-भिन्न कार्यों के लिये भिन्न भिन्न अवपात वाली कंक्रीट की आवश्यकता पड़ती है। किसी विशेष के लिये अवपात का कोई एक मान निर्धारित कर लिया जाता है और तब इसी अवपात वाली कंक्रीट  तैयार की जाती है। प्रतिदिन जधवा प्रत्येक धान की कंक्रीट के लिये यह परीक्षण करना उपयोगी रहता है। अब बात का मान बहुत बढ़ने या घटने पर इस बात का संकेत मिलता है कि कंक्रीट मिक्स ठीक नहीं है और इसमें सुधार की आवश्यकता है।

मिलावे में जलाश बढ़ने तथा मिला के श्रेणीकरण में परिवर्तन के कारण अवपात में वृद्धि हो सकती है। कंक्रीट के बहने की प्रकृति व्  फैलने को देखकर कंक्रीट  की ससजन का अन्दाज लगाया जा सकता है। अच्छी ससजनता बाली कंक्रीट धीरे-और फैलेगी जबकि न्यून सासजनता बाली कंक्रीट टूटकर बिखरने लगती है। न्यून जल-नीमेट अनुपात वाली कंक्रीट जो उच्च सामर्थ्य आती कक्रीट कहलाती है, का अवपात लगभग शून्य आताहै। अतः यह परिक्षण पून जल-भीमेन्ट अनुपात की कंक्रोट के लिये नहीं किया जाता है। जब काकीट में मटर मिलावे का अधिकतम माप 36 mm से बड़ा है, तब भी यह परीक्षण उपयुक्त नहीं है।

  • सामग्री(Material):-

कंक्रीट के घटक महीन मिलाबा . मोटा मिलावा व पानी
(इस परीक्षण के लिये मिलावे का अधिकतम  (Nominal size) 38 mm से बड़ा नहीं होना चाहिये।)

  • उपकरण (Apparatus):-
  1. धातु का मानक  शंकु छिन्नक मंचा । जो ऊपर से खुला होता है।
  2.  करनी
  3.  Tray
  4. धातु को प्लेट
  5. इस्पात का फुटा पैमाना।
  6. ठोकनी उद्ध व्याल 16 mm, लम्बाई 60 cm
  • विधि(Method):-
  1. माना 1:2:4 अनुपात को कंक्रीट का अवपात ज्ञात करना है  । इसके लिये 2 kg सोमेन्ट, 4 kg बालू तथा 8kg मोटा मिलावा लेकर इचो परके प्लेटफार्म (या इस्पात की गोटी चादर) पर पहले अच्छी तरह सूखा मिलायें, फिर 0.4 जल सोमेन्ट अनुपात के अथवा  पानी डालकर अच्छी तरह गीला मिलायें और समाग सुघट्य फक्रीट तैयार करें।
  2. अवपात शक-साँचे को भीतर से साफ करके उसमें हल्की योस लगा ले ताकि गीली कंक्रंट उससे चिपके नहीं।
  3. शंकु सांचे को किसी समतल जलरोधी प्लेट ( धातु को) पर टिका कर उसमें लगभग : बराबर-बराबर ऊंचाई को परतों मैं  तैयार कक्रीट भरे। कंक्रीट की प्रत्येक परत को ठोकी छड़ से 35 आर कुटाई करे। कुटाई कक्रीट पिण्ड के पूरे में समान रूप में करनी चाहिये। कपरी पत्तों की कुटाई करते समय लोकना छड़ निचली पर्तों की पुरो गहराई तक धँस जाना चाहिये।
  4. शीर्ष परत की कटाई पूर्ण हो जाने पर मचि स फालतु काट करनी से हटा दै। मांचे के आस-पास गिरी के कीट को भी हटाकर आधार प्लेट साफ कर दें ।
  • प्रेक्षण (Observation):-
SLUMP TEST
Sr.ParticularIIIIII
1कंक्रीट की सामर्थ्य =……..M
2सीमेंट : बालू :मोटा मिलावा  अनुपात
3सीमेंट की मात्रा =  …… kg
4बालू  की मात्रा =  …… kg
5मोटा मिलावा की मात्रा =  …… kg
6जल : सीमेंट  अनुपात
7पानी कि मात्रा =…लीटर
8अवपात (slump )
  • परिणाम(Result):-

slump value (अवपात) = ……… cm 

  • सावधानियाँ(Precautions):-
  1. यह परीक्षण कम्पनरहित स्थान पर किया जाना चाहिये|
  2.  परोक्षण को सीमेन्ट के प्रारम्भिक जमाव काल में ही पूर्ण कर लेना चाहिये।
  3. कंक्रीट के सभी संघटक भार (kg) में लें।
  4. शकु-सांचा भीतर से साफ होना चाहिये। इसमें पुरानी जमी हुई कंक्रीट, बदि लगी हुई हैं, खुरच देनी चाहिये।
  5.  प्रत्येक परीक्षण के लिये नई सामग्री व प्रतिदर्श बनाये।
  6. सांचे को ऊपर उठाते समय ककीट पिण्ड को झटका नहीं लगना चाहिये।
  7. कंक्रीट को कुटाई सम्पूर्ण पिण्ड पर समान रूप से करनी चाहिये।
  •  सीमायें(Limitations)-
  1. अवपात परीक्षण को मुख्य सोमाये निम्न है —
  2. अवपात का अनेक आकृतिया सम्भव है।
  3. 38 mm से बड़े माप के । मोटे मिलावे के लिये यह परीक्षण नही किया जाता है ।
  4. कक्राट की सुकार्यता व अवपात में कोई सीधा सम्बन्ध नहीं है।

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